APPLIED

Applied Linguistics(Wikipedia)

American Association for Applied Linguistics(AAAL)

ESP

English for Specific Purposes(Wikipedia)

English for Specific Purposes (An international Journal)

Asian ESP Journal

TEFL

English as a Foreign Language(Wikipedia)

• MEETING ONE: Introductions
• 
  
  

  How to introduce yourself & others – November 19, 2014

  

  How to Introduce Another Speaker in 3 Steps – November 4, 2011

• Workshop #1: “Introducing Yourself and Other People”

• MEETING TWO: Public speaking goals
• Goals: 1. Inform 2. Persuade 3. Entertain
• INFORM: This is about helping audience members acquire information that they do not already possess. Audience members can then use this information to understand something (e.g., speech on a new technology, speech on a new virus) or to perform a new task or improve their skills (e.g., how to swing a golf club, how to assemble a layer cake). The most important characteristic of informative topics is that the goal is to gain knowledge.
• PERSUADE: When we speak to persuade, we attempt to get listeners to embrace a point of view or to adopt a behavior that they would not have done otherwise. A persuasive speech can be distinguished from an informative speech by the fact that it includes a call for action for the audience to make some change in their behavior or thinking.
• ENTERTAIN: Whereas informative and persuasive speech making is focused on the end result of the speech process, entertainment speaking is focused on the theme and occasion of the speech. An entertaining speech can be either informative or persuasive at its root, but the context or theme of the speech requires speakers to think about the speech primarily in terms of audience enjoyment.
• 
• Workshop #2: “Practice writing the three types of speech”

• MEETING Three: Public speaking Environment
• Environmental context refers to the physical space in which you’re speaking … can affect the degree to which the audience feels they can connect with you.
• Environment = (a) Where does public speaking take place (venue) and (b) What equipment/logistics are in place? (powerpoint#1 below)Why is listening difficult? (powerpoint#2 below)– Physical noises– Psychological noises– Physiological noises– Semantic noises
• 
• Workshop #3: “The right public speaking venue”

• MEETING Four: Communication apprehension
• Speaking anxiety is a normal (psychological as well as physical) response to fear of being evaluated by the audience.Q: What can you do to overcome stage fright?A: Be well-prepared – Organize your speech; exercise (including facial exercises); eat well; sleep well; rehearse your speech at home (in front of a mirror/family members/friends); dress properly; be on time; talk to members of the audience prior to giving your speech; be positive.
• Myths about public speaking:–  People who suffer from speech anxiety are sick.-  Writing your speech word for word and memorizing it will help you deliver a great speech.–  A joke is a good way to open your speech.-  The audience is your enemy and is out to get you.-  The first mistake you make means failure.

• Workshop #4: “Facing the audience”
• Reading: McCroskey, J. C., & Beatty, M. J. (1986). “Oral Communication Apprehension“. In W. H. Jones, J. M. Cheek, & S. R. Briggs (Eds.), Shyness: Perspectives on Research and Treatment (pp. 279-293). New York: Plenum Press.

• • MEETING Five:Visual aids
  • Types of Visual Aids:
    • People, Maps, Objects
    • Charts: -flow -tree -sequence -pictographs -flip
    • Graphs: -pie -bar -line
    • Photographs, Pictures, Diagrams, Sketches
    • Projected Images: -overhead projectors -Powerpoint presentation -film
  • Reasons to use Visual aids:
    • Diverts audience’s attention “away from you”.
    • Assists visual learners in understanding your topic.
    • Holds audience’s attention.
    • Allows the speaker to inject humor.
    • Helps speaker gain credibility.
    • Shows thorough preparation for the speech.

    Tips for Effective Use of Visual aids:

    Tip #1: Use a visual aid that will help your audience remember your message. If the prop ties in with the main idea, it can be very effective.

    Tip #2: Visual aids must be simple or they may be (probably WILL be!) misunderstood.

    Tip #3: Visual aids should be big enough so that everyone in the audience can see clearly.

    Tip #4: Prepare well and practice before you use any visual aid. Many possible problems can come up in a presentation. Be sure you can handle any props easily before you get up to speak. Make sure the visual aids can be easily shown to the audience without distracting you or your listeners.

    Tip #5: Don’t be afraid to use no visual aids at all! Instead of depending on a prop, you should depend on a strong message, well-organized and professionally presented. You already possess one of the best visual aids possible – your own self!

  • 

• Meeting Six: Effective public speaking

  _

  __

  _____

  EFFECTIVE PUBLIC SPEAKING

  _________________________

  PRACTICE

  Verbal delivery   |  Non-verbal delivery __________________________________

  PREPARATION

  Research  |  Organize   |  Support _____________________________________

  FOUNDATIONS

  Speech goal  | Topic choice  |  Audience type ____________________________________________

• For more details see powerpoint #3 below
• Workshop #6: Impromptu speeches
• Meeting Seven: Three Modes of Persuasion 
  • Ethos: The appeal to the speaker’s or writer’s character or reputation.

  -Share your experience/Research/Awards (But do not brag!)

  -Establish a rapport with your audience (We trust people like us)

  -Be honest

  • Pathos: The appeal to emotion

  – In the battle between reason and emotion, the latter usually wins (e.g. “advertising”)

  • Logos: The appeal to reason

  – Making inferences through deductive reasoning (e.g. “syllogism” = 2 premises + a conclusion).

• Workshop #7: Impromptu speeches
• 

English Speaking Union

Handout

How to Study and Critique a Speech

International Public Speaking contest

The nationalPublic Speaking contest will take place at (at ENSET, Mohammedia) Saturday 23th March 2019 at 9am.

Entry Form

Candidates are advised to attend local and/or regional contests to understand the rules of public speaking as set by ESU.  They also need to read the handbook carefully to be aware of what the adjudicators evaluate. 

Exam Format

Public Speaking oral Exam will take place in the form of a VIDEO recording not exceeding 5mns sent to professor Bouzidi via Google Drive !

Exam Schedule

Date: (Starting: January 12th)

Time: (…)

Venue: (…)

N.B.: Make sure your Full Name is attached to your file.  Also make sure you set Google Drive permissions to “any one with the link”.

N.B: Receipt of videos is acknowledged here:  Public Speaking. If you cannot see you name under the “Videos” column, just be patient! lt will eventually show as videos are being processed.

Graph 2: “Demographics” 

Potential audience letter code:

A    Top management, bankers, lawyers, doctors B    Middle management, teachers C1  Office supervisors, junior managers, nurses, clerical staff C2  Skilled workers, tradespersons (white collar) D   Semi-skilled & unskilled (blue collar) E   Unemployed, students, pensioners, casual workers

Marketing: 

• posters
• Ads
• Promotional interviews (e.g stars appearing on chat shows)
• Tie-in campaigns (e.g a blockbuster movie using McDonalds meals)
• Merchandising (T-shirts, key rings)
• Word-of-mouth (Informal way in which media products become known by audiences)

Counting an audience:

Film:              Box office receipts Print:             Circulation Radio/TV:      Listening/viewing figures/ratings Internet:        Hit rate/number of visitors

WORKSHOP #3: “All media are made with an audience in mind”.  Discuss.

Consider the intended audience for the following mediums:

• “Animal farm” by George Orwell
• Your End-of term paper
• Sara’s diary

• MEETING SEVEN: CYBERSPACEDefinition: “Virtual reality.“CYBER: A combining form meaning “computer,” “computer network,” or “virtual reality,” used in the formation of compound words such as “cyberfashion”.Key words:internet, intranet, extranet, telnetcomputer network, computerize, computational, compute, computable, anticomputer, precomputer, computerology, neurocomputer, computerologist, computernik, nanocomputer, computerdom, telecomputer, biocomputing, minicomputer, microcomputercybernetic, cyberspace, cybercrime, cybertechnology, cybersociology, cybernetics, cybersavvy, cyberjargon, cyberjunkie, cyberinteraction, cybernetwork, cybersystem, cyberpsychology, cyberphilosophy, cyberterrorism, supercomputer, telecommuter, cybersuicide, cyberintrusion, cybergeneration, cyberinformation, cyberfuture, cyberdating, cybereducation, cyberpatient, cyberage, cyberia, cyberimmortality, cyberbullying, cyberslang, cybrarian, cybercitizenantivirus, teleprocessing, uploader, pseudocode, hackathon, incrementor, techie, darknet, rootkit, metaprogramming, microprocessor, content management system (CMS), visual display unit, digitized, hackers, phishing, malware, bots, spam, spamming, piracy, firewalls,Task: Look up each of the above key terms and make sure you know what it means.Cybercommunity: Cyberspace is home to thousands of groups of people (Virtual communities) who meet (in places  called websites) to share information, discuss mutual interests, play games and carry out business.WORKSHOP #7:Discuss what sets off a virtual community from its real life counterpart.
• MEETING EIGHT: ADVERTISINGDefinition: “A means of communication with the users of a product or service.” Advertisements/Adverts/Ads are messages paid for by those who send them and are intended to inform or influence people who receive them.Advertisers use media to get their message across. They do this via television, print (newspapers, magazines, journals, etc), radio, press, internet, direct selling, hoardings, mailers, contests, sponsorships, posters, clothes, events, colours, sounds, visuals and people (endorsements).Advertising is made up of companies that advertise, agencies that create the advertisements, media that carries the ads, and  people like copy editors, visualizers, brand managers, researchers, and designers. Key words:Ad Completion, Ad Fraud, Ad Network, Ad Server, Ad Tech, Agency Trading Desk, Audience Extension, Behavioral Targeting, Bot, Brand Lift, Connected TV, Contextual Targeting, CPC (Cost per Click), CPCV, (Cost per Completed View), CPE (Cost per Engagement), CPI (Cost Per Install), CPM (Cost per Thousand), CPV (Cost per View), Cross-Channel, CTR (Click-Through Rate), Data Management Platform (DMP), Daypart, Primetime, Deal ID, Display Advertising, DMA (Designated Market Area), DOOH (Digital Out-Of-Home advertising), DSP (Demand-Side Platform), DIA (Dynamic Ad Insertion), eCPM (Effective Cost per Thousand), Fill Rate, First-Party Data, Frequency, Geotargeting, GRP, Hashing, In-Stream, Insertion, Insertion Order, Interactive In-App Pre-Roll, Interactive Pre-Roll, KPI (Key Performance Indicator), Linear TV, Makegoods, Message Recall, Mid-Roll, Mobile Pre-Roll, MRC (The Media Rating Council), Open Exchange, Opt In, OTT (Over-the-Top), SVOD (Subscription Video-on-Demand), Page Request, PII (Personally Identifiable Information), Pixel, Post-Roll Ad, Pre-Roll Ad, Programmatic Ad Buying, Programmatic Direct, Programmatic Non-Reserved, Programmatic TV (PTV), Real-Time Bidding (RTB), Retargeting (Remarketing), RON (Run-of-Network), ROS (Run-of-Site), Second-Party Data, Sell-Through Rate, Set-Top Box, Share of Voice (SOV), Skippable Pre-Roll, Skyscraper, SSP (Supply-Side Platform), Standard Pre-Roll, Target Audience, Third-Party Ad Server, Third-Party Data, Unique User/Device ID, VAST (Video Ad Serving Template), vCPM (Viewable CPM), Viewability, Viewable Completion, Viewable Impression, VPAID, (Video Player Ad-Serving Interface Definition), VTR (View-Through Rate), Yield (Ad click rate),Yield ManagementTask: Look up each of the above key terms and make sure you know what it means.WORKSHOP #8:Consider instances of overt (open) vs covert (hidden) messages in advertising.
• MEETING NINE: SOCIAL MEDIADefinition: “Any Internet website, smartphone application, or other modern technology that allows people to connect with one another and build online communities.“There are many forms of social media, including blogs, micro-blogs, wikis, social networking sites, photo-sharing sites, instant messaging, video-sharing sites, podcasts, widgets, virtual worlds, and more.Facebook/Twitter/Instagram are some of the most popular social media today.Advantages of Social Networking:On a personal level, social media allows you to communicate with friends and family, learn new things, develop your interests, and be entertained. On a professional level, you can use social media to broaden your knowledge in a particular field and build your professional network by connecting with other professionals in your industry. At the company level, social media allows you to have a conversation with your audience, gain customer feedback, and elevate your brand.Disadvantages of Social Networking: Lacks emotional connection; Gives people a license to be hurtful; Decreases face-to-face communication skills; Conveys inauthentic expression of feelings; Diminishes understanding and thoughtfulness; Causes face-to-face interactions to feel disconnected; Facilitates laziness; Creates a skewed self-image; Reduces family closeness; Causes distractions.Key words:A/B testing, Ads Manager, Algorithm, Analytics, Application Programming Interface (API), Audience, Avatar, Average response time, Business-to-Business (B2B), Business-to-Consumer (B2C), Bio, Boosted post, Brand advocate, Brand awareness, Business Manager, Chatbot, Clickbait, Clickthrough rate (CTR), Conversion rate (CVR), Cost per click (CPC), Cost per mille (CPM), Crisis management, Cross-channel, Crowdsourcing, Dark post, Dark social, Direct message (DM), Disappearing content, Employee advocacy, Engagement rate, Evergreen content, Feed, Follower, FOMO, Frequency, Geotargeting, Hashtag, Header image, Impressions, Key performance indicator (KPI), Listicle, Meme, Metric, Native advertising, Newsjacking, Objectives, Pay per click (PPC)Platform, Reach, Relevance score, Retargeting, Sentiment analysis, Shareable content, Social customer service, Social listening, Social media monitoring, Social media ROI, Social selling, Targeting, Traffic, Trending topic, User generated content (UGC), Vanity metric, ViralTask: Look up each of the above key terms and make sure you know what it stands for.Recommended viewing:  The Social Dilemma (Documentary)WORKSHOP #9:Why are social media so addictive?MEETING TEN: MEDIA LITERACYDefinition: “The ability to access, analyze, evaluate and create media in a variety of forms.”Media influences our culture.  Media is our culture.Hence the necessity to adopt a new approach to education:  “Media Literacy”. Media literacy helps learners acquire the ability to:Access:    The ability to reach/create media on the part of consumers: to respond to the dominant media, for example. Analyze:  The ability to undestand the smallest details involved in media texts such as design, images and language.Evaluate: The ability to critique and ask relevant questions about various aspects of media such as agenda, goals and message.Create:    The ability to skillfully produce media and target/manipulate audiences.Key words:Note: Some of the Media Literacy terminology mentioned  here may overlap with key terms for the previous 9 Media Studies meetings (above).  After all, Media Literacy encopasses all of the aforementioned.Agenda-setting, Bias, Branding, Censorship, Confirmation bias, connotation, Consumers, Copyright, Critical thinking, Deconstruction, Demographics, Fair use, Fake news, Freedom of expression, Gatekeepers, General Data Protection, Regulation, Genre, Hegemony, HTML, Imagined Communities, Intertextuality, Manufacture of consent, Marketing, Mass media, Media (medium), Media Literacy, Media ownership, Media pluralism, Media specialist, Metadata, Personal data, Product placement, Propaganda, Psychographics, Remix, Representation, Right to be forgotten, Right to privacy, Stereotype, Subtext, Text, Transparency, Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Visual literacy.Task: Look up each of the above key terms and make sure you know what it means.WORKSHOP #10:Discuss the contrast between a media literate and a media illiterate person.

Final Exam

Media Studies written Final will take place at these times:

Date: (…)

Time: (…)

Venue: (…)

N.B.: Be on time.  Bring your student ID card and the invitation to take the exam.

Make-Up Exam

Media Studies written Make-up will take place at these times:

Date: (…)

Time: (…)

Venue: (…)

N.B.: Be on time.  Bring your student ID card and the invitation to take the exam.